On Monday we covered some definitions: religion (both the generic concept of religion and some recognizable markers of “a religion”), diversity and various possible responses to diversity: exclusivism, inclusivism, relativism, synthesis, and pluralism.
We ended with the idea of “civil religion,” that in America the nation itself has sacred symbols and rituals, and can be thought of as an object of veneration and even worship. For some scholars, notably Robert Bellah who popularized Rousseau’s phrase in 1967, “civil religion” has been a powerful unifying force in American identity. Not everyone agrees with this idea (one of our assigned books, The Myth of American Religious Freedom finds the notion of civil religion problematic if not outright false), but it has been a compelling theory nonetheless and many find that it helps explain the persistence and coherence of a common national identity, one infused with religious language despite being officially secular. You might explore the Wikipedia article on “American Civil Religion,” as it decently explains this idea in useful shorthand.
For Wednesday, we will take a close look at the eight documents I’ve chosen to represent American religious history or civil religion’s “greatest hits.” Let’s be able to describe the main idea, cite a key quote, or explain the importance of each one in our class discussion. A table or set of index card flash cards might help you organize your thoughts and notes on these important documents and prepare for the exam on Friday.
(PS – FYI, an alternative set of texts, but in the same vein as what we’re after in our discussion, can be found here)